The oxidant in MFCs has distinct advantages of safety, environmentalįriendliness, and operation without the need for cathode catalysts. Also, it is reported that the exchangeĬurrent density of the iron redox pair (10 –2 A cm –2) is several orders of magnitude higher than that Product of KMnO 4 is MnO 2 granules, which canĪttach onto the electrode surface and block the transport of the oxidant Some oxidants ofīut have their own disadvantages when used in MFCs. Metals as catalysts to obtain better oxidability. 29, 30 These oxidants of O 2, H 2O 2, ClO –, and In MFCs, many oxidants have been studied, such as air, 23, 24 H 2O 2, 25 ClO –, 26 KMnO 4, 27 VO 2 +, 28 and Fe 3+. That acids (HNO 3, H 2SO 4/HNO 3 mixture, and H 3PO 4), 16− 18 alkali (NaOHĪnd KOH), 19, 20 water-soluble salts (Na 2SO 4, K 2CO 3), and other reagents 21, 22 are used as electrolytes for electrochemical modifications. 14 The electrochemical activation, as a simpleĪnd effective method, also has been widely applied to treat commercialĬarbon fiber materials. Reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogenįlow batteries 13 and electrochemical storage. Activated carbon electrodes have been applied in many fieldsĪnd reported in several reviews as electrocatalysts for the oxygen Structure and morphology engineering, 10, 11 have been 4 To improve the physical and electrochemical characteristics of theĬarbon fiber materials, various activation methods, including heteroatomĭoping, 5, 6 surface functionalization, 7, 8 defects and edge tailoring, 9 and porous Surface areas, which result in the inferior physical and electrochemicalĬharacteristics of the electrodes themselves. Oxygen-containing groups on the surface and inadequate accessible However, carbon fiber materialsĪs electrodes endow some intrinsic weaknesses such as insufficient The sites of electrochemical reactions, the access of reactant delivery,Īnd the media of electron collection. Materials are critical for the performance of MFCs as Problems caused by the membrane, such as water management, membrane Reduce the cost and simplify the cell design but also eliminate the 2 These membraneless structures of MFCs not only Separator, usually used in the conventional fuel cells. Microchannel, and the liquid–liquid interface serves as the 1 MFCs utilize the unique feature of co-flowing of two fluids in the Micropower generator for portable electronics. Iron ions, and least resistance of the cathode.įuel cell (MFC) is regarded as the next-generation Largest electrochemical active surface area, strongest reduction of With the largest number of oxygen-containing functional groups, the To the cathode activated in the H 2SO 4 solution MFC with the carbon paper cathode activated in the H 2SO 4 solution reaches the optimum performance: 235.6 mW cm –3 in volumetric power density and 1063.33 mA cm –3 in volumetric limiting current density, which areġ.58 and 1.52 times as much as that of a MFC with an untreated carbon Improve the performance of the FeCl 3-based MFC. The electrochemical characteristics of the carbon paper cathode and In different solutions is a simple and effective method to enhance Our work shows that the electrochemical activation of the carbon paper Reduction activation of iron ions as the oxidant, cathode resistance,Īnd performance of FeCl 3-based MFCs were measured and compared. Method in the three solutions (Na 2SO 4, NaOH,Īnd H 2SO 4) to improve the electrochemical characteristics Of these MFCs, we activated the carbon paper cathode by an electrochemical Shows that the performance of FeCl 3-based MFCs with catalyst-freeĬathodes is mainly limited by the cathode. Of two aqueous electrolytes to separate the anode and cathode andĪvoid the membrane usually used in a fuel cell. Interest as micropower devices, which exploit the colaminar nature Fuel cells (MFCs) have garnered tremendous
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